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Historical Dictionary

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BAZE, WILLIAM (1899–1984)

Active French settler and ardent supporter of a continued French presence in Indochina. Bazé was born in Saigon to a French planter and a Vietnamese mother. Though orphaned at young age, he went on to become a wealthy planter himself and one of colonial Indochina’s most dynamic and colorful personalities. He began his career in 1917 working as an assistant for the Société des plantations d’hévéas de Xuan Loc in southern Vietnam. In 1921, on completing his military service, he was named technical director in the same company and would go on to help create 15 plantations in rubber, tea, coffee, and rice. But his interests did not stop there. He was a member of the provincial council of Bien Hoa province between 1931 and 1940 and vice-president then president of the Société de protection de l’enfance de Cochinchine between 1922 and 1945. During World War II, he refused to collaborate with the Japanese. He organized a resistance network of his own volition in remote areas on or near his plantations in southern Vietnam. However, Bazé’s underground resistance cost him dearly: He was captured, imprisoned, and tortured severely by the Japanese. On his liberation from prison, he had to be carried home on a stretcher. However, he was soon back on his feet, now a staunch Gaullist representing the Rassemblement du peuple français in Saigon. In 1947, he became director-general of the Société des plantations de Xuan Loc and joined the Company’s administrative council in Paris between 1952 and 1970, leading missions to Vietnam every year. He was an active supporter of the interests of the “French Indochinese” or Français d’Indochine, serving as honorary president of the Mutuelle des Français d’Indochine. He was a member of the Conseil consultative de Cochinchine (1945–1946), then the Assembly of Cochinchina until 1949, vehemently opposed to the national claims of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam on Cochinchina. Virginia Thompson described him as the éminence grise of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Cochinchina, set in motion by Jean Cédile and Georges Thierry d’Argenlieu in late 1945. As Bazé said in 1946: “Do not forget that Cochinchina is a part of our national patrimony. By renouncing this, we can create a precedent which Algeria, Madagascar, Black Africa and all our other overseas possessions will not fail to exploit […]”. Bazé expressed his views widely in the Saigon-based newspaper, Le Populaire. Between 1949 and 1952, he was an advisor to Bao Dai on Eurasian Affairs. From 1952 to 1958, he was also an advisor to the Assembly of the French Union in Paris. Bazé was particularly dedicated to the needs of abandoned Eurasian children in Indochina, tending to their schooling, repatriation, and overall care. He and his wife adopted 14 orphans whom they raised to adulthood. In 1945, Bazé became president of the Fédération des œuvres de l’enfance française d’Indochine. In mid-1975, he became a founding member of the Administrative Council of the Comité national d’entraide franco-indochinois for refugees fleeing former French Indochina. He founded the Conseil supérieur de la chasse aux colonies and published widely on hunting in Indochina (Un quart de siècle parmi les éléphants and Le tigre d’Indochine). He held the Croix de guerre 1939–1945 and many other awards for valor and service during World War II.